Bylaws

BYLAWS OF HAWAII OCEAN SAFETY TEAM, Inc. (H.O.S.T.)

ARTICLE 1
NAME, PURPOSE AND OFFICES

SECTION 1. NAME

The name of this corporation is Hawaii Ocean Safety Team, Inc. (H.O.S.T.)

SECTION 2. IRC SECTION 501(C)(3) PURPOSES

This corporation is organized exclusively for one or more of the purposes as specified in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, including, for such purposes, the making of distributions to organizations that qualify as exempt organizations under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.

SECTION 3. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES AND PURPOSES

The specific objectives and purposes of this corporation shall be:

• To promote and enhance the safe and pollution free use of Hawaii’s waters through pro-active prevention.
• To provide an open forum for government, industry and the general public to identify problems and propose solutions to today’s maritime issues.
• To focus on the human element, identify root causes of marine casualties.
• To develop and agree upon Safe Operating Practices (SOP) when necessary to provide for effective and efficient operations.
• To engage the public to ensure we have buy-in from Hawaii’s citizens.

SECTION 4. PRINCIPAL OFFICE

The principal office of the corporation is located in the City and County of Honolulu, State of Hawaii.

SECTION 5. CHANGE OF ADDRESS

The designation of the county or state of the corporation’s principal office may be changed by amendment of these Bylaws. The Advisory Board may change the principal office from one location to another within the named county by noting the changed address and effective date below, and such changes of address shall not be deemed, nor require, an amendment of these Bylaws:

____________________ Dated: ________, 19__
____________________ Dated: ________, 19__
____________________ Dated: ________, 19__

SECTION 6. OTHER OFFICES

The corporation may also have offices at such other places, within or without its state of incorporation, where it is qualified to do business, as its business and activities may require, and as the Advisory Board may, from time to time, designate.

ARTICLE 2
ADVISORY BOARD

SECTION 1. NUMBER

The corporation shall have an Advisory Board made up of at least fourteen (14) primary and fourteen (14) alternate Board members.

SECTION 2. QUALIFICATIONS

Advisory Board members shall be of the age of majority in this state. Other qualifications for Advisory Board members of this corporation shall be as follows:
Representative of the following maritime areas:

1. Domestic Shipping- Designee recommended by the Propeller Club of Honolulu.
2. Foreign Shipping- Designee recommended by the local shipping agents.
3. Tug/Workboats/Barges- Designee recommended by the American Waterway Operators, West Coast Regional Managers.
4. Ocean Recreation- Designee recommended by The Ocean Recreation Council of Hawaii/MCBoat Organization.
5. Recreational Vessels- Designee recommended by BOATS-Hawaii or other statewide boating organization.
6. Yacht Clubs- Designee recommended by the Hawaii Commodores Association.
7. Fishing Vessels- Designee recommended by the membership.
8. Pilots- Designee recommended by Hawaii Pilots Association.
9. Shore Facilities- Designee recommended by Clean Island Council.
10. Labor- Designee recommended by the Local Maritime Union Affiliates.
11. Public- Designee recommended by the membership.
12. Island of Hawaii- Designee recommended by members on the Island of Hawaii.
13. Island of Maui- Designee recommended by members on the Island of Maui.
14. Island of Kauai- Designee recommended by members on the Island of Kauai.

SECTION 3. POWERS

Subject to the provisions of the laws of this state and any limitations in the Articles of Incorporation and these Bylaws relating to action required or permitted to be taken or approved by the members, if any, of this corporation, the activities and affairs of this corporation shall be conducted and all corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the direction of the Advisory Board.

SECTION 4. DUTIES

The purpose of the Advisory Board will be to establish the annual agenda, establish the meeting dates and provide general oversight as to the issues pending before HOST. The U.S. Coast Guard will serve as advisors for the Board and for the HOST subcommittees that are established. Coast Guard personnel will serve as advisors for each subcommittee.

It shall be the duty of the Advisory Board to:

1. Perform any and all duties imposed on them collectively or individually by law, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws;
2. Appoint and remove, employ and discharge, and, except as otherwise provided in these Bylaws, prescribe the duties and fix the compensation, if any, of all officers, agents and employees of the corporation;
3. Supervise all officers, agents and employees of the corporation to assure that their duties are performed properly;
4. Meet at such times and places as required by these Bylaws; and
5. Register their addresses with the Secretary of the corporation, and notices of meetings mailed or telegraphed to them at such addresses shall be valid notices thereof.

SECTION 5. TERM OF OFFICE

Advisory Board members and alternates will serve a two-year term beginning the first day of July. Advisory Board members will be able to serve consecutive terms if desired.

SECTION 6. COMPENSATION

Advisory Board members shall serve without compensation, except that a reasonable fee may be paid to Advisory Board for attending regular and special meetings of the board. In addition, they shall be allowed reasonable advancement or reimbursement of expenses incurred in the performance of their duties.

SECTION 7. PLACE OF MEETINGS

Meetings shall be held at the principal office of the corporation unless otherwise provided by the board or at such other place as may be designated from time to time by resolution of the Advisory Board.

SECTION 8. REGULAR MEETINGS

Regular meetings of Advisory Board shall be held on third Thursday of the month at 3:00 P.M., unless such day falls on or the day before a legal holiday, in which event the regular meeting shall be held at the same hour and place on an alternate meeting date as designated by the Advisory Board.

If this corporation makes no provision for members, then, at the regular meeting of Advisory Board held in June, Advisory Board member shall be elected by the Advisory Board.

SECTION 9. SPECIAL MEETINGS

Special meetings of the Advisory Board may be called by the Chairperson of the Advisory Board, the President, the vice-president, the Secretary, by any two Advisory Board members, or, if different, by the persons specifically authorized under the laws of this state to call special meetings of the board. Such meetings shall be held at the principal office of the corporation or, if different, at the place designated by the person or persons calling the special meeting.

SECTION 10. NOTICE OF MEETINGS

Unless otherwise provided by the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws, or provisions of law, the following provisions shall govern the giving of notice for meetings of the Advisory Board:

1. Regular Meetings. No notice need be given of any regular meeting of the Advisory Board.
2. Special Meetings. At least the Secretary of the corporation shall give one week prior notice to each director of each special meeting of the board. Such notice may be oral or written, may be given personally, by first class mail, by telephone, or by fax machine, or e-mail and shall state the place, date and time of the meeting and the matters proposed to be acted upon at the meeting. In the case of fax or email notification, the director to be contacted shall acknowledge personal receipt of the notice by a return message or telephone call within twenty four hours of the first transmission.
3. Waiver of Notice. Whenever any notice of a meeting is required to be given to any director of this corporation under provisions of the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws, or the law of this state, a waiver of notice in writing signed by the director, whether before or after the time of the meeting, shall be equivalent to the giving of such notice.

SECTION 11. QUORUM FOR MEETINGS

A quorum shall consist of a Board Member from each of at least six (6) of the member groups.

Except as otherwise provided under the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws, or provisions of law, no business shall be considered by the board at any meeting at which the required quorum is not present, and the only motion which the Chair shall entertain at such meeting is a motion to adjourn.

SECTION 12. MAJORITY ACTION AS BOARD ACTION

Every act or decision done or made by a majority of the Advisory Board members present at a meeting duly held at which a quorum is present is the act of the Advisory Board, unless the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws, or provisions of law require a greater percentage or different voting rules for approval of a matter by the board.

SECTION 13. CONDUCT OF MEETINGS

Meetings of the Advisory Board shall be presided over by the Chairperson of the Board, or, if no such person has been so designated or, in his or her absence, the President of the corporation or, in his or her absence, by the Vice President of the corporation or, in the absence of each of these persons, by a Chairperson chosen by a majority of the board members present at the meeting. The Secretary of the corporation shall act as secretary of all meetings of the board, provided that, in his or her absence, the presiding officer shall appoint another person to act as Secretary of the Meeting.

Robert’s Rules of Order shall govern meetings, insofar as such rules are not inconsistent with or in conflict with the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws, or with provisions of law.

SECTION 14. VACANCIES

Vacancies on the Advisory Board shall exist (1) on the death, resignation or removal of any director, and (2) whenever the number of authorized directors is increased.

Any Advisory Board member may resign effective upon giving written notice to the Chairperson of the Board, the President, the Secretary, or the Advisory Board, unless the notice specifies a later time for the effectiveness of such resignation. No Advisory Board member may resign if the corporation would then be left without a duly elected Advisory Board in charge of its affairs, except upon notice to the Office of the Attorney General or other appropriate agency of this state.

Advisory Board members may be removed from office, with or without cause, as permitted by and in accordance with the laws of this state.

Unless otherwise prohibited by the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws or provisions of law, vacancies on the board may be filled by approval of the Advisory Board. If the number of Advisory Board members then in office is less than a quorum, a vacancy on the board may be filled by approval of a majority of the Advisory Board then in office. A person elected to fill a vacancy on the Advisory Board shall hold office until the next election of the Advisory Board or until his or her death, resignation or removal from office.

SECTION 15. NONLIABILITY OF ADVISORY BOARD

The Advisory Board shall not be personally liable for the debts, liabilities, or other obligations of the corporation.

SECTION 16.INDEMNIFICATION BY CORPORATION OF ADVISORY BOARD AND/OR OFFICERS

The corporation to the fullest extent permissible shall indemnify the Advisory Board and/or officers of the corporation under the laws of this state.

SECTION 17. INSURANCE FOR CORPORATE AGENTS

Except as may be otherwise provided under provisions of law, the Advisory Board may adopt a resolution authorizing the purchase and maintenance of insurance on behalf of any agent of the corporation (including a director, officer, employee or other agent of the corporation) against liabilities asserted against or incurred by the agent in such capacity or arising out of the agent’s status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify the agent against such liability under the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws or provisions of law.

ARTICLE 3
OFFICERS

SECTION 1. DESIGNATION OF OFFICERS

The officers of the corporation shall be a President, a Vice President, a Secretary, and a Treasurer. The corporation may also have a Chairperson of the Advisory Board, one or more Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries, Assistant Treasurers, and other such officers with such titles as may be determined from time to time by the Advisory Board.

SECTION 2. QUALIFICATIONS

Any person may serve as officer of this corporation.

SECTION 3. ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE

Officers shall be elected by the Advisory Board, at any time, and each officer shall hold office until he or she resigns or is removed or is otherwise disqualified to serve, or until his or her successor shall be elected and qualified, whichever occurs first.

SECTION 4. REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION

The Advisory Board may remove any officer, either with or without cause, at any time. Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Advisory Board or to the President or Secretary of the corporation. Any such resignation shall take effect at the date of receipt of such notice or at any later date specified therein, and, unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. The above provisions of this Section shall be superseded by any conflicting terms of a contract that has been approved or ratified by the Advisory Board relating to the employment of any officer of the corporation.

SECTION 5. VACANCIES

Any vacancy caused by the death, resignation, removal, disqualification, or otherwise, of any officer shall be filled by the Advisory Board. In the event of a vacancy in any office other than that of President, such vacancy may be filled temporarily by appointment by the President until such time as the Board shall fill the vacancy. Vacancies occurring in offices of officers appointed at the discretion of the board may or may not be filled, as the board shall determine.

SECTION 6. DUTIES OF PRESIDENT

The President shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation and shall, subject to the control of the Advisory Board, supervise and control the affairs of the corporation and the activities of the officers. He or she shall perform all duties incident to his or her office and such other duties as may be required by law, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws, or which may be prescribed from time to time by the Advisory Board. Unless another person is specifically appointed as Chairperson of the Advisory Board, the President shall preside at all meetings of the Advisory Board and, if this corporation has members, at all meetings of the members. Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws, he or she shall, in the name of the corporation, execute such deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, checks, or other instruments which may from time to time be authorized by the Advisory Board.

SECTION 7. DUTIES OF VICE PRESIDENT

In the absence of the President, or in the event of his or her inability or refusal to act, the Vice President shall perform all the duties of the President, and when so acting shall have all the powers of, and be subject to all the restrictions on, the President. The Vice President shall have other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by law, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws, or as may be prescribed by the Advisory Board.

SECTION 8. DUTIES OF SECRETARY

The Secretary shall:

• Certify and keep at the principal office of the corporation the original, or a copy, of these Bylaws as amended or otherwise altered to date.
• Keep at the principal office of the corporation or at such other place as the board may determine, a book of minutes of all meetings of the directors, and, if applicable, meetings of committees of directors and of members, recording therein the time and place of holding, whether regular or special, how called, how notice thereof was given, the names of those present or represented at the meeting, and the proceedings thereof.
• See that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these Bylaws or as required by law.
• Be custodian of the records and of the seal of the corporation and affix the seal, as authorized by law or the provisions of these Bylaws, to duly executed documents of the corporation.
• Keep at the principal office of the corporation a membership book containing the name and address of each and any members, and, in the case where any membership has been terminated, he or she shall record such fact in the membership book together with the date on which such membership ceased.
• Exhibit at all reasonable times to any director of the corporation, or to his or her agent or attorney, on request therefor, the Bylaws, the membership book, and the minutes of the proceedings of the directors of the corporation.
• In general, perform all duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other duties as may be required by law, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws, or which may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Advisory Board.

SECTION 9. DUTIES OF TREASURER

The Treasurer shall:

• Have charge and custody of, and be responsible for, all funds and securities of the corporation, and deposit all such funds in the name of the corporation in such banks, trust companies, or other depositories as shall be selected by the Advisory Board.
• Receive, and give receipt for, monies due and payable to the corporation from any source whatsoever.
• Disburse, or cause to be disbursed, the funds of the corporation as may be directed by the Advisory Board, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements. All disbursements require Advisory Board authorization.
• Keep and maintain adequate and correct accounts of the corporation’s properties and business transactions, including accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursements, gains and losses.
• Exhibit at all reasonable times the books of account and financial records to any director of the corporation, or to his or her agent or attorney, on request therefor.
• Render to the President and Advisory Board, monthly or whenever requested, an account of any or all of his or her transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the corporation.
• Prepare, or cause to be prepared, and certify, or cause to be certified, the financial statements to be included in any required reports.
• In general, perform all duties incident to the office of Treasurer and such other duties as may be required by law, by the Articles of Incorporation of the corporation, or by these Bylaws, or which may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Advisory Board.

SECTION 10. COMPENSATION

The salaries of the officers, if any, shall be fixed from time to time by resolution of the Advisory Board. In all cases, any salaries received by officers of this corporation shall be reasonable and given in return for services actually rendered to or for the corporation.

ARTICLE 4
COMMITTEES

SECTION 1. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

The Advisory Board may, by a majority vote of its members, designate an Executive Committee consisting of four board members (usually the officers) and may delegate to such committee the powers and authority of the board in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, to the extent permitted, and except as may otherwise be provided, by provisions of law.

By a majority vote of its members, the board may at any time revoke or modify any or all of the Executive Committee authority so delegated, increase or decrease but not below two (2) the number of the members of the Executive Committee, and fill vacancies on the Executive Committee from the members of the board. The Executive Committee shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings, cause them to be filed with the corporate records, and report the same to the board from time to time as the board may require.

SECTION 2. OTHER COMMITTEES

The corporation shall have such other committees as may from time to time be designated by resolution of the Advisory Board. These committees may consist of persons who are not also members of the board and shall act in an advisory capacity to the board.

SECTION 3. MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES

Meetings and action of committees shall be governed by, noticed, held and taken in accordance with the provisions of these Bylaws concerning meetings of the Advisory Board, with such changes in the context of such Bylaw provisions as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the Advisory Board and its members, except that the time for regular and special meetings of committees may be fixed by resolution of the Advisory Board or by the committee. The Advisory Board may also adopt rules and regulations pertaining to the conduct of meetings of committees to the extent that such rules and regulations are not inconsistent with the provisions of these Bylaws.

ARTICLE 5
EXECUTION OF INSTRUMENTS, DEPOSITS AND FUNDS

SECTION 1. EXECUTION OF INSTRUMENTS

The Advisory Board, except as otherwise provided in these Bylaws, may by resolution authorize any officer or agent of the corporation to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation, and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized, no officer, agent, or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable monetarily for any purpose or in any amount.

SECTION 2. CHECKS AND NOTES

Except as otherwise specifically determined by resolution of the Advisory Board, or as otherwise required by law, checks, drafts, promissory notes, orders for the payment of money, and other evidence of indebtedness of the corporation shall be signed by the Treasurer and countersigned by the President of the corporation.

SECTION 3. DEPOSITS

All funds of the corporation shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the corporation in such banks, trust companies, or other depositories as the Advisory Board may select.

SECTION 4. GIFTS

The Advisory Board may accept on behalf of the corporation any contribution, gift, bequest, or devise for the nonprofit purposes of this corporation.

ARTICLE 6
CORPORATE RECORDS, REPORTS AND SEAL

SECTION 1. MAINTENANCE OF CORPORATE RECORDS

The corporation shall keep at its principal office:

1. Minutes of all meetings of directors, committees of the board and, if this corporation has members, of all meetings of members, indicating the time and place of holding such meetings, whether regular or special, how called, the notice given, and the names of those present and the proceedings thereof;
2. Adequate and correct books and records of account, including accounts of its properties and business transactions and accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursements, gains and losses;
3. A record of its members, if any, indicating their names and addresses and, if applicable, the class of membership held by each member and the termination date of any membership; and
4. A copy of the corporation’s Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws as amended to date, which shall be open to inspection by the members, if any, of the corporation at all reasonable times during office hours.

SECTION 2. CORPORATE SEAL

The Advisory Board may adopt, use, and at will alter, a corporate seal. Such seal shall be kept at the principal office of the corporation. Failure to affix the seal to corporate instruments, however, shall not affect the validity of any such instrument.

SECTION 3. DIRECTORS’ INSPECTION RIGHTS

Every Advisory Board member shall have the absolute right at any reasonable time to inspect and copy all books, records and documents of every kind and to inspect the physical properties of the corporation and shall have such other rights to inspect the books, records and properties of this corporation as may be required under the Articles of Incorporation, other provisions of these Bylaws, and provisions of law.

SECTION 4. MEMBERS’ INSPECTION RIGHTS

If this corporation has any members, then each and every member shall have the following inspection rights, for a purpose reasonably related to such person’s interest as a member:

1. To inspect and copy the record of all members’ names, addresses and voting rights, at reasonable times, upon written demand on the Secretary of the corporation, which demand shall state the purpose for which the inspection rights are requested.
2. To obtain from the Secretary of the corporation, upon written demand on, and payment of a reasonable charge to, the Secretary of the corporation, a list of the names, addresses and voting rights of those members entitled to vote for the election of directors as of the most recent record date for which the list has been compiled or as of the date specified by the member subsequent to the date of demand. The demand shall state the purpose for which the list is requested. The membership list shall be made within a reasonable time after the demand is received by the Secretary of the corporation or after the date specified therein as of which the list is to be compiled.
3. To inspect at any reasonable time the books, records, or minutes of proceedings of the members or of the board or committees of the board, upon written demand on the Secretary of the corporation by the member, for a purpose reasonably related to such person’s interests as a member.

Members shall have such other rights to inspect the books, records and properties of this corporation as may be required under the Articles of Incorporation, other provisions of these Bylaws, and provisions of law.

SECTION 5. RIGHT TO COPY AND MAKE EXTRACTS

Any inspection under the provisions of this Article may be made in person or by agent or attorney and the right to inspection shall include the right to copy and make extracts.

SECTION 6. PERIODIC REPORT

The Advisory Board shall cause any annual or periodic report required under law to be prepared and delivered to an office of this state or to the members, if any, of this corporation, to be so prepared and delivered within the time limits set by law.

ARTICLE 7
IRC 501(C)(3) TAX EXEMPTION PROVISIONS

SECTION 1. LIMITATIONS ON ACTIVITIES

No substantial part of the activities of this corporation shall be the carrying on of propaganda, or otherwise attempting to influence legislation [except as otherwise provided by Section 501(h) of the Internal Revenue Code], and this corporation shall not participate in, or intervene in (including the publishing or distribution of statements), any political campaign on behalf of, or in opposition to, any candidate for public office.

Notwithstanding any other provisions of these Bylaws, this corporation shall not carry on any activities not permitted to be carried on (a) by a corporation exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, or (b) by a corporation, contributions to which are deductible under Section 170(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code.

SECTION 2. PROHIBITION AGAINST PRIVATE INUREMENT

No part of the net earnings of this corporation shall inure to the benefit of, or be distributable to, its members, directors or trustees, officers, or other private persons, except that the corporation shall be authorized and empowered to pay reasonable compensation for services rendered and to make payments and distributions in furtherance of the purposes of this corporation.

SECTION 3. DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS

Upon the dissolution of this corporation, its assets remaining after payment, or provision for payment, of all debts and liabilities of this corporation shall be distributed for one or more exempt purposes within the meaning of Section 510(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code or shall be distributed to the federal government, or to a state or local government, for a public purpose. Such distribution shall be made in accordance with all applicable provisions of the laws of this state.

SECTION 4. PRIVATE FOUNDATION REQUIREMENTS AND RESTRICTIONS

In any taxable year in which this corporation is a private foundation as described in Section 509(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, the corporation 1) shall distribute its income for said period at such time and manner as not to subject it to tax under Section 4942 of the Internal Revenue Code; 2) shall not engage in any act of self-dealing as defined in Section 4941(d) of the Internal Revenue Code; 3) shall not retain any excess business holdings as defined in Section 4943(c) of the Internal Revenue Code; 4) shall not make any investments in such manner as to subject the corporation to tax under Section 4944 of the Internal Revenue Code; and 5) shall not make any taxable expenditures as defined in Section 4945(d) of the Internal Revenue Code.

ARTICLE 8
AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS

SECTION 1. AMENDMENT

Subject to the power of the members, if any, of this corporation to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of this corporation and except as may otherwise be specified under provisions of law, these Bylaws, or any of them, may be altered, amended, or repealed and new Bylaws adopted by approval of the Advisory Board.

ARTICLE 9
CONSTRUCTION AND TERMS

If there is any conflict between the provisions of these Bylaws and the Articles of Incorporation of this corporation, the provisions of the Articles of Incorporation shall govern.

Should any of the provisions or portions of these Bylaws be held unenforceable or invalid for any reason, the remaining provisions and portions of these Bylaws shall be unaffected by such holding.

All references in these Bylaws to the Articles of Incorporation shall be to the Articles of Incorporation, Articles of Organization, Certificate of Incorporation, Organizational Charter, Corporate Charter, or other founding document of this corporation filed with an office of this state and used to establish the legal existence of this corporation.

All references in these Bylaws to a section or sections of the Internal Revenue Code shall be to such sections of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as amended from time to time, or to corresponding provisions of any future federal tax code.

April 19, 2002

ADOPTION OF BYLAWS

We, the undersigned, are all of the initial directors or incorporators of this corporation, and we consent to, and hereby do, adopt the foregoing Bylaws, consisting of 17 preceding pages, as the Bylaws of this corporation.

Dated: __________

_________________________________

_________________________________

_________________________________

_________________________________